Fluid-fuel burner



' E 1643 579 Sept' 27 1927' E. O. ERlKssoN ET AL FLUID FUEL BURNER VFiled May 1, `1925 2 sheets-sheet 1 ATT...

` 1,643,579 Sept 2-7 1927' E. o. ERlKssoN ET Al.

FLUID FUEL BURNER v Filed May l, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTY,

Patented Sept. 27, 1927.

UNITED STATES 1,643,579 Pa'rlazNTg OFFICE.

ERIK OTTO ERIKSSON .AND GUSTAV YILHELM JOHANSSON, F STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.

FLUID-FUEL BURNER.

Application filed May 1, 1923, Serial No. 636,004, and'n Sweden February 24, 1923.

The present invention relates to a method and arrangement for heating the walls of tubular bodies for the purpose of heating fluids in contact with said walls. The chara acteristics of the method consist in making a mixture of gas in a state of combustion rotate in such a manner that .the hot combustion gases thus generated are made to move from their place of combustion in a spiral la path through the tubular body in direct contact with its walls. Every particle of the combustion gases must on account of this spiral path cover a long course, and by rea.- son of their rotation the combustion gases 13 are concentrated upon the walls, all of which makes for maximum utilization of the heat created by `combustion for heating the walls and thus also the fluid. By regulating the rotational speed 4the course of the gas particles can be lengthened or shortened through the altered pitch of the spiral path. By imparting to the gases great speed 1n their motion relatively to the walls the coefficient of heat transfer is increased.

In the accompanying drawing are shown only by way of example some forms of construction of apparatus for carrying out the method herein described, in which drawinofs tFig. 1 is a. central vertical section of'an apparatus especially adapted for heating water; l

Fig.` 1a is a transverse section of the doubled walled body shown in broken lines .a in Fig. 1; y

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of a tube of a steam rboiler showing the invention applied thereto;

FiO. 3 is a central vertical section showing" a mzddified form of apparatus, especially adapted for heating a fluid other than water' Figs. 4 and 5 are fragmentary detail views showing in sectional side elevation and plan respectively, and on an enlarged scale, the fan and its associated ring;

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view of a modified yform of water heating apparatus;

Figs. 7 and 8 are respectively a detail sectional side view and a plan view, on an enlarged scale` of a portion of the apparatus shown in Fig. 6; and

Fig. 9 is a detail side elevation, also on an enlarged scale, of the fuel tank and control valve shown in Fig. 6.

The apparatus shown in Fig. 1 comprises Vpropelled by the gas.

a tubular vdouble-walled body 1, the space 2 between the walls of which the water moves from an inlet 3 towards an outlet 4. In the lower portion of the body 1 there is mounted a rotatable fan 7 to whichis attached a tubular ring 5 which is slit to provide an opening 6 extending around the inner circumference. 8 is a tank containing a liquid fuel which is vaporized or carburetted in a tubular spiral 9, leading to a nozzle 10, which is so disposed as to deliver the fuel under pressure in a diagonal direction through the opening 6 into the tubular ring 5. Carburation is started e. g. by means of a blowlamp 11. The ring 5 acts as a turbine and is The gas'which rushes with very high velocity into the ring 5, rotates inside the latter until it has gathered about 'the same speed as the ring, after which it leaves thering through the opening 6 in a thin layer along its entire circumference, is mixed with the air supplied by the fan 7 and ignited, thereby continuing the Carburation in the tubular spiral 9. The gas mixture obtains thus at the moment of ignition a rotary movement which is transmitted to the combustion gases, which move in a spiral path through the body 1, as is indicated bythe dotted line. or cowl. In Fig. 2 is shown a tubular steam boiler b in which one tube 1a is visible, the walls of the boiler and tube forming together a double-walled tubular body similar to that shown in Fig. 1. The arrangement of ring 5, fan 7, tubular spiral 9 and nozzle 10 is here the same as in Fig, 1, and need therefore no further description. In Fig. 1 there is shown with dashed and dotted lines an arrangement oftwo tubes 13, 14 within each other and a space between the two, of which the outer one 13 is closed at its lower end. The space 2 and the space between the tubes 13, 14 are at the top connected with each other by means of a tube 15. 16 is an outlet pipe at the top of the inside tube 14. When using the tubes 13, 14 the outlet 4 is naturally shut off or altogether omitted. By

this arrangement additional heating sur- 'faceis provided the water or fluid in this instance passing down towards the burner yin the space between the tubes 13, 14 and then returning upward through the inner tube 14, the lower end of which is open. If the iiuid is in the shape of steam, the latter is thus superheated. The space between the tubes 13, 14 may be subdivided by means of 12 is a bonnet vertical, radial walls. 17 into a number of channels, as shown in Fig. l, so `that the Huid can pass down one channel and up an4 other etc. so as to iinally pass out at top. from the last channel or the inner tube, as the case may be.

ln the apparatus shown in Fig. 3, lb is the tubular body which, as in Fig. l, has double walls. ln the space 2b between the two walls the i'l-uid'moves and at the lower end of this space there is-aV Ifan 18 or such like which is adapted to be propelled by a system of ring andzfan, identical with that of F l, so that a spiral movement is imparted to the ii'uid in the. space 2b. Illustration of the ring and fuel coil has been omitted from Fig. 3 for the sa-lie ofclearness, thestructure being identical' in everyl respect with that shown in Fig. l'. lf this fluid is in the sha-pe of air, part of this air can ybe passed down through a central tube 20' to the burner' so as to be mixed in a pre-heated condition with the combustion gas. This extra. air is taken in through radial tubes 2l at the top. @n the drawing isshown the fan 7 propelled by the .combustion gas itself by means of the ring 5, but it can, of course, 'bev propelled in many other ways.

In the apparatus shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 8 thel tubular body contain-ing the fluid tobe heated consists of va spiral'tube l@ through which the water for the bath' passes from the inlet 3 to they outlet 41. The water comes from the water pipe 23 fit-ted withv a valve 22 to the inlet A secondary or by-pass water pipe 24' runs to an air-bellv 25 (air pressure tank), which, through the pipe 26, isiin: connection with'the .upper part of a liquid' fuel tank 27, below the spiral tube 1c; As shown in Figs. 6 and 9' the -fuel tank is provided with a ldelivery tube 31 which communicates its upper end' with ay spiral tube 9a and at its lower end with a: valve housing 40 se cured. in the bottom ofthe tank and. provided with openings l1 in. communication with said tank. rEhe How offuel through the vSube 31 is controlledv by a needle valve 30 which projects into the end of vsaidl tube, the stem of said valve being threaded into the lower end of the housing whereby the quantity of fluid passing throughthe tube 3i may be regulated'. 1When turning' on the water through the valve 22 a port-ion of passes through the spira-l tube lG to' a shower-rose 2S andi -to" a pipe 29'to, e. g, a bath tub. :Another p ertionofl they water passes upwards into the. air-bell' 25,. which generates the necessary; pressure for forcing; up the lquidfuel through the pipe 3l into the spiral tube 9f". rFhe spi-rall tube 97*l passes into the lower part of a tank 32 which on its inside is provided with an electrical resistance 33, which by means of a cable 34 can be connected with an electric contact in the wall. From an upper portion of the tank 32 there issues the nozzle l@ ofthe spiral tube). rlfhe vaporization of the liquid fuel is thus started electrically instead of withy a blow lamp as in Fig; l. Thev device for starting the vaporization of' the 4liquid fuel by means of electricity can, ofcourse, be `carried out in many other ways. The spiral tube' il is surrounded by ya tubular double wall 35 in whose hollow space the combustion air' is suckedfrom the top downwards* to the fanY 7. The double wa'lfl `35 forms-the guide for the combustion gas-es which in'- a spiral| pathl pass over the walls oi the spiralv tube l. The action of the form of construction accord-ing to Figs; 6 te 8 is the same' as according to Figl', -aswill easily be understood without any lf'rnither de scription.

The separate parts in the arrangements sh'own can, of course, be. varied in many ways, provided the characteristics of the in vention be retained.

`What we claim is: Y

l'. A fluid-fuel* burner, comprising a tubular ring mounted for rotation, said ring bei-n'gsplit along its periphery, and aV nezzle extending through the split intofthe ring' for delivering' fuel thereto, the direction ef' the nozzle with relation tothe ring being; such that the fuel ldeliveredv by the nozzle will cause the ring to rotate.

2. A fluid-fuel burner, comprising a tubular ring mounted for rotation, said ring being split a-long its inner peifiphery, andv a neZjZjle extending through said split into the ring for delivering fuel'. thereto, the direction of the nozzle being tangentialwith relation to the ring whereby theV fuel delivered by the nozzle will' cause rotationof the ring.

3. A fluid-fuel` burner, comprising a' tubular ring mounted'. rfor rotationy and adapted tov deliver fuel along its periphery, a nozzle disposed in position to deliver fuel1 into said ring, the direction of the nozzle `with relation to the ring being such that the fuel delivered by thenozzle will cause, the ring to rotate, and'. a spiralA tube for' delivering the fuel tosaidnozzle.

In testimony whereof' we have sig-ned our n amies te this? specification.

GUSTAV VILHELM.. JOHANSSQN..

Ein 

